{"id":50561,"date":"2020-09-09T10:21:54","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T08:21:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bice.org\/?page_id=50561"},"modified":"2024-07-31T11:23:57","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T09:23:57","slug":"ecoles-sans-murs-au-cambodge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bice.org\/fr\/ecoles-sans-murs-au-cambodge\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9coles sans murs au Cambodge"},"content":{"rendered":"

Au Cambodge, au cours des 15 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, le nombre d\u2019enfants scolaris\u00e9s en maternelle a doubl\u00e9 depuis 2007. Et le nombre d\u2019enfants scolaris\u00e9s au primaire a augment\u00e9 de 15%. Le gouvernement a \u00e9galement renouvel\u00e9 jusqu\u2019en 2023 son plan strat\u00e9gique pour l\u2019\u00c9ducation 2014-2019. Toutefois, selon une \u00e9tude de l\u2019Unicef r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en 2012, seulement 64% des enfants cambodgiens terminent l\u2019enseignement primaire. 54% de ceux en \u00e2ge d\u2019aller au coll\u00e8ge y iront effectivement. Et seuls 25% des enfants en \u00e2ge d\u2019aller au lyc\u00e9e le feront. Le taux d\u2019abandon en cours de route est de plus de 20% pour le coll\u00e8ge et 14% pour le lyc\u00e9e<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Pauvret\u00e9 et \u00e9loignement : deux obstacles \u00e0 la scolarisation<\/b><\/h2>\n

Parmi les obstacles \u00e0 la scolarisation, la pauvret\u00e9 (dont le taux est \u00e9lev\u00e9 dans les zones vis\u00e9es par le projet) et la distance domicile-\u00e9cole. Dans les zones recul\u00e9es, les enfants souffrent d\u2019une marginalisation scolaire. L\u2019\u00e9cole publique la plus proche se situe le plus souvent \u00e0 plusieurs kilom\u00e8tres de leur village. La plupart reste donc \u00e0 la maison sans aucun acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation.<\/i><\/p>\n

Autre difficult\u00e9 constat\u00e9e sur le terrain\u00a0: l\u2019usage de la violence dans le cercle familial et \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole. Selon le Cambodian Violence Against Children Survey<\/i>\u00a0(2013), un enfant cambodgien sur deux est victime de violence physique. \u00c0 la maison, les principales auteures sont les m\u00e8res. \u00c0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur, ce sont les enseignants. 43% des gar\u00e7ons disent ainsi avoir subi un ch\u00e2timent corporel \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole de la part d\u2019un enseignant. Or, la violence a des cons\u00e9quences directes sur la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9ducation de l\u2019enfant et sur sa r\u00e9ussite scolaire.<\/p>\n

Actions du BICE et de son partenaire OEC<\/h2>\n

Dans ce contexte, le BICE* et son partenaire <\/span>Op\u00e9rations Enfants du Cambodge<\/u><\/span><\/a> (OEC) se mobilisent dans la province de Preah Sihanouk, une zone particuli\u00e8rement touch\u00e9e par la faible scolarisation et la banalisation de la violence, \u00e0 travers notamment la cr\u00e9ation et la gestion de classes d\u2019\u00e9ducation non formelle et d\u2019espaces de petite enfance. <\/span><\/p>\n

Parmi les actions programm\u00e9es dans le cadre du programme \u00c9coles sans murs (2020-2023)<\/a> :<\/span><\/p>\n

Favoriser la scolarisation des enfants des zones recul\u00e9es du Cambodge<\/b><\/h6>\n

– Collecte de donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9cises sur le nombre d\u2019enfants priv\u00e9s d\u2019\u00e9ducation \u00e0 cause de l\u2019\u00e9loignement g\u00e9ographique.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Int\u00e9gration des enfants priv\u00e9s d\u2019une \u00e9ducation pr\u00e9scolaire dans les espaces de petite enfance non-formels cr\u00e9\u00e9s dans leurs villages<\/span><\/p>\n

– Int\u00e9gration des enfants d\u00e9scolaris\u00e9s dans les classes d\u2019\u00e9ducation non formelle mises en place dans les villages. Puis leur garantir l<\/span>a continuit\u00e9 de leur \u00e9ducation, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la coop\u00e9ration avec le syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9ducation publique.<\/p>\n

– Sensibilisation des familles pour qu\u2019elles reconnaissent l\u2019importance du droit \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation pour l\u2019avenir de leurs enfants. Et pour qu\u2019elles participent \u00e0 la mise en \u0153uvre de ce droit.<\/p>\n

– Plaidoyer national et international pour une reprise \u00e9tatique progressive des initiatives d\u2019\u00e9ducation non-formelle afin de les p\u00e9renniser. <\/span><\/p>\n

– Coop\u00e9ration des autorit\u00e9s locales \u00e0 l\u2019action de plaidoyer men\u00e9e par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile en faveur du droit \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation. Et ce, en s\u2019appuyant sur la participation des citoyens.<\/p>\n

Promouvoir une \u00e9ducation bienveillante<\/b><\/h6>\n

– Sensibilisation des familles et des enseignants au droit de l\u2019enfant \u00e0 vivre sans violence.<\/span><\/p>\n

– D\u00e9veloppement de codes de conduite pour les espaces \u00e9ducatifs fr\u00e9quent\u00e9s par les enfants dans le cadre du projet.<\/p>\n

– Formation des enseignants aux m\u00e9thodes \u00e9ducatives favorisant la participation des enfants.<\/p>\n

– Sensibilisation des enfants et de leur entourage aux droits de l\u2019enfant. Et en particulier, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 des droits entre les filles et les gar\u00e7ons, et au droit des enfants \u00e0 la participation.<\/p>\n

– Mise en place d\u2019un espace de discussion et de participation pour les enfants des villages concern\u00e9s par le projet.<\/p>\n

*Le BICE soutient la mise en place des \u00e9coles non-formelles dans la r\u00e9gion de Preah Sihanouk depuis 2008.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Informations disponibles sur le programme \u00c9ducation pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Informations disponibles sur le programme contre les abus sexuels mis en place au Cambodge pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bien que la Constitution du Cambodge proclame l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation et la gratuit\u00e9 de l\u2019enseignement primaire et secondaire pour tous, des milliers d\u2019enfants sont encore aujourd\u2019hui exclus du syst\u00e8me scolaire.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":50474,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2045,1291],"tags":[368,1985,1439,1660],"class_list":["post-50561","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-garantir-une-education-de-qualite","category-scolarisation","tag-cambodge","tag-ecoles-sans-murs","tag-education-pour-tous","tag-operations-enfants-du-cambodge-oec"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nProjet \u00c9coles sans murs au Cambodge | BICE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bien que la Constitution du Cambodge proclame l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation, des milliers d\u2019enfants restent exclus du syst\u00e8me scolaire.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bice.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50561\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Projet \u00c9coles sans murs au Cambodge | BICE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bien que la Constitution du Cambodge proclame l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation, des milliers d\u2019enfants restent exclus du syst\u00e8me scolaire.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bice.org\/fr\/ecoles-sans-murs-au-cambodge\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"BICE - 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